@Article{ChameckiFDCDMSTA:2020:EfVeTo,
               author = "Chamecki, M. and Freire, L. S. and Dias, N. L. and Chen, B. and 
                         Dias Junior, C. Q. and Machado, Luiz Augusto Toledo and 
                         S{\"o}rgel, M. and Tsokankunku, A. and De Ara{\'u}jo, A. C.",
          affiliation = "{University of California} and {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo 
                         (USP)} and {Universidade Federal do Paran{\'a} (UFPR)} and 
                         {University of California} and {Instituto Federal do Paran{\'a} 
                         (IFPR)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Max Planck Institute for Chemistry} and {Max Planck Institute for 
                         Chemistry} and {Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu{\'a}ria 
                         (EMBRAPA)}",
                title = "Effects of vegetation and topography on the boundary layer 
                         structure above the amazon forest",
              journal = "Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "77",
               number = "8",
                pages = "2941--2957",
                month = "Aug.",
             abstract = "Observational data from two field campaigns in the Amazon forest 
                         were used to study the vertical structure of turbulence above the 
                         forest. The analysis was performed using the reduced turbulent 
                         kinetic energy (TKE) budget and its associated two-dimensional 
                         phase space. Results revealed the existence of two regions within 
                         the roughness sublayer in which the TKE budget cannot be explained 
                         by the canonical flat-terrain TKE budgets in the canopy roughness 
                         sublayer or in the lower portion of the convective ABL. Data 
                         analysis also suggested that deviations from horizontal 
                         homogeneity have a large contribution to the TKE budget. Results 
                         from LES of a model canopy over idealized topography presented 
                         similar features, leading to the conclusion that flow distortions 
                         caused by topography are responsible for the observed features in 
                         the TKE budget. These results support the conclusion that the 
                         boundary layer above the Amazon forest is strongly impacted by the 
                         gentle topography underneath.",
                  doi = "10.1175/JAS-D-20-0063.1",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-20-0063.1",
                 issn = "0022-4928",
             language = "en",
        urlaccessdate = "02 maio 2024"
}